Identifikasi Material Clogging Pada Simpang Jalan Akibat Polutan Kendaraan Berdasarkan Hasil Pengujian XRF
Muhammad Ichsanul Akbar Natsir1, Taqia Rahman1*, Latif Budi Suparma1
1Departemen Teknik Sipil dan Lingkungan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, INDONESIA
*Corresponding author: taqia.rahman@ugm.ac.id
INTISARI
Porous Asphalt (PA) merupakan material perkerasan berpori dengan rongga yang memungkinkan air dapat masuk ke dalam lapisan jalan. Dengan karakteristik tersebut, perkerasan PA memiliki keunggulan dalam mengurangi limpasan air di permukaan, menurunkan suhu permukaan jalan dan mengurangi kebisingan. Namun, material perkerasan ini juga rentan terhadap sumbatan (clogging). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis polutan kendaraan yang menyebabkan clogging pada PA dengan menganalisis sumber polutan di jalan. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan vakum penyedot karena lebih efektif mengumpulkan sedimen dan tidak merusak perkerasan. Metode X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) digunakan untuk menganalisis unsur kimia sampel secara kualitatif dan semi-kuantitatif, guna menentukan konsentrasi material clogging. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa akumulasi sedimen terdiri dari berbagai sumber seperti emisi pabrik atau industri, aktivitas geogenik, polusi dari sumber antropogenik, polutan kendaraan, dan partikel dari material konstruksi. Polutan kendaraan terakumulasi di permukaan jalan karena pergerakan lalu lintas, angin, dan hujan. Al dan Fe merupakan unsur dengan konsentrasi tertinggi, berasal dari keausan komponen mesin. Jejak logam seperti Mn, Zn, Sr, dan Ba menunjukkan kontribusi dari pelumas dan bahan bakar. Sampel 04, yang diambil dari jalan dengan permukaan kasar (ravelling), menunjukkan kadar polutan tertinggi, yang menjadikannya representatif sebagai material clogging dalam pengujian permeabilitas PA. Konsentrasi polutan ini lebih tinggi di lokasi dengan aktivitas perlambatan dan akselerasi mendadak, terutama pada musim kemarau.
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