Pengaruh Diameter Pipa dan Kecepatan Aliran terhadap Potensi Self-Cleansing Sedimen pada Pipa Bertekanan

Muhammad Syafaat S Kuba^(1)*, Muhammad Saleh Pallu⁽¹⁾, Bambang Bakri⁽¹⁾

¹Departemen Teknik Sipil, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, INDONESIA

*Corresponding author: syafaat_skuba@unismuh.ac.id

INTISARI

Sedimentasi pada pipa bertekanan merupakan permasalahan penting dalam sistem hidraulik karena dapat mengurangi luas penampang aliran efektif, meningkatkan kehilangan energi, serta menurunkan efisiensi operasional jaringan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh diameter pipa dan kecepatan aliran terhadap potensi self-cleansing sedimen dengan menggunakan pendekatan Self-Cleansing Index (SCI). Penelitian dilakukan melalui analisis kuantitatif terhadap 27 data eksperimen laboratorium pada pipa berdiameter 0,05 m, 0,075 m, dan 0,10 m, dengan variasi head 0,15–0,25 m serta ukuran butir sedimen 0,25–0,60 mm pada kondisi aliran turbulen penuh. Parameter yang dianalisis meliputi kecepatan aliran, tegangan geser dasar, tegangan geser kritis, massa deposisi, deposisi ternormalisasi, dan nilai SCI. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, pada dataset yang digunakan, peningkatan diameter pipa cenderung diikuti oleh kenaikan kecepatan aliran dan nilai SCI, serta penurunan massa deposisi. Nilai SCI berada pada kisaran 0,1348–0,8276, yang mengindikasikan bahwa seluruh kondisi pengujian masih berada dalam rezim deposisi dan belum mencapai kondisi self-cleansing penuh. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa evaluasi potensi sedimentasi pada pipa bertekanan akan lebih representatif apabila mempertimbangkan rasio antara
tegangan geser terapan dan tegangan geser kritis sedimen, dibandingkan hanya menggunakan kecepatan aliran sebagai indikator tunggal. Dengan demikian, SCI dapat digunakan sebagai parameter evaluatif yang lebih komprehensif dalam perencanaan dan pengoperasian sistem perpipaan.

F07_Muhammad-Syafaat-S-Kuba_Pengaruh-Diameter-Pipa-dan-Kecepatan-Aliran-terhadap-Potensi-Self-Cleansing-Sedimen-pada-Pipa-Bertekanan-Muhammad-Syafaat.docx

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