Evaluasi Kinerja Filtrasi Mekanis untuk Pengolahan Sludge Run-Off Tambang Batubara
R. Syafira, J.S.M. Ahmad*, S.P. Saraswati
1Departemen Teknik Sipil dan Lingkungan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, INDONESIA
*Corresponding author: johan.syafri.ma@ugm.ac.id
INTISARI
Limbah sludge run-off yang dihasilkan dari kegiatan pertambangan batubara mengandung padatan tersuspensi (TSS), logam berat, dan senyawa kompleks yang berpotensi mencemari lingkungan apabila tidak diolah dengan tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi karakteristik fisikokimia sludge run-off serta efektivitas proses filtrasi mekanis dalam menurunkan parameter pencemar, dengan acuan baku mutu air berdasarkan Permenkes No. 2 Tahun 2023. Sampel limbah diperoleh dari PT. X dan diuji di Laboratorium Teknik Penyehatan dan Lingkungan, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Parameter yang dianalisis meliputi pH, TDS, EC, ORP, TSS, zeta potensial, mikro partikel, serta kualitas air pasca-filtrasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa filtrasi mampu menurunkan kadar TSS secara signifikan, namun kurang efektif dalam mereduksi kandungan ion terlarut dan logam berat. Nilai zeta potensial yang tinggi menunjukkan kestabilan koloid yang menghambat proses filtrasi. Evaluasi kualitas air bersih dari enam titik lokasi menunjukkan bahwa beberapa parameter fisika, kimia, dan mikrobiologi tidak memenuhi standar, terutama pada TDS, kekeruhan, warna, Fe, Mn, serta kontaminasi mikrobiologis (E. coli dan Total Coliform). Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pengolahan lanjutan dengan pendekatan integratif agar hasil olahan air limbah tambang memenuhi standar lingkungan
dan kesehatan.
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